Chemiluminescence Of Platinum Nanoparticles Using A Green Method For Lateral Flow Immunoassay

Author

Tiyesha Long, Prairie View A&M University

Date of Award

8-2022

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science

Degree Discipline

Chemistry

Abstract

Platinum (Pt) is used as a catalyst in many reactions, and platinum nanoparticles (Ptnps) are widely used in the biomedical industry as they show antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. Synthesis of Ptnps can be achieved in many ways. However, green synthesis methods are preferred over traditional ones as they minimize environmental pollution. This research aims to synthesize Ptnps using a green approach and use the synthesized nps in a catalysis reaction.

Nanoparticles were synthesized using chloroplatinic acid hydrate (H2PtCl6) and potassium hexachloroplatinate (IV) (K2PtCl6) and three types of milk obtained from the local grocery stores. The Pt salt and the green source were placed in a shaking incubator at two time points (4 and 72 hours) and at room temperature. The synthesized Ptnps were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The average size of the particles was estimated using dynamic light scattering measurements, and the redox properties were measured using cyclic voltammetry.

The results showed that Ptnps were formed using both salts, incubation periods and all green sources. UV-Visible results showed peaks that indicate the formation of Ptnps at both incubation periods for both Pt salts. Peaks were more intense in the samples in the shaking incubator for 72 hours as opposed to the samples that were incubated for 4 hours. The Ptnps of K2PtCl6 salt showed a more intense peak than that of the Ptnps of H2PtCl6 salt in the 72-hour incubation period, and both salts showed similar peak intensities when held in the shaking incubator for 4 hours.

The dynamic light scattering results showed that H2PtCl6 salt produced nanoparticles (Nps) with similar averages for the diameter for both incubation periods, while K2PtCl6 salt Nps was incubated for 4 hours showed smaller sizes than the H2PtCl6 salt held at both incubation periods. K2PtCl6 salt incubated for 72 hours had at least 1/3 lower sizes. This could be because, in K2PtCl6 salt, the potassium ion prevents aggregation. Cyclic voltammetry results showed that the oxidation and reduction peaks vary between salts, time, and the naturally occurring materials.

The SEM/EDS results showed the presence of Pt for both salts at both incubation periods, and the amount of Pt present was higher when the Pt salt was incubated for 72 hours versus 4 hours. The FTIR results for both salts and both incubation periods showed a broad stretch in the functional group region between 2500 and 3550 cm-1. Stretching and bending in this range are indications of the presence of OH groups. Peaks at 2850 and 3300 cm-1, were an indication of the presence of a CH group. The CH stretch intensity varied between the salts and the naturally occurring materials. Results show that Ptnps can be produced in an environmentally friendly way using both H2PtCl6 and K2PtCl6 salts and that K2PtCl6 salt may be a better salt to use when producing Ptnps. Data from multiple experiments showed that Nps of K2PtCl6 was less aggregated than that of the Ptnps produced with the H2PtCl6 salt. The synthesized Ptnps of milk, when used in the chemiluminescence reactions of luminol, showed that it enhanced the activity. In future work, these Ptnps will be tested in lateral flow assay (LFA) experiments that are used in point-of-care testing.

Committee Chair/Advisor

Harshica Fernando

Committee Member

Gina Chiarella

Committee Member

Ananda Amarasekara

Committee Member

Marco Giles

Publisher

Prairie View A&M University

Rights

Date of Digitization

4/17/2023

Contributing Institution

John B Coleman Library

City of Publication

Prairie View

MIME Type

Application/PDF

Recommended Citation

Long, T. (2022). Chemiluminescence Of Platinum Nanoparticles Using A Green Method For Lateral Flow Immunoassay. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.pvamu.edu/pvamu-theses/1516